When The Wine Runs Out

 

Rev Dr Mark Porizky

 

1/14/07

 

 John 2:1-11  

 


 

       Have you been to a wedding recently? Over the last seventeen years I've done perhaps a hundred weddings or so.  I’m told by some of my older pastor friends that weddings have changed significantly from, say, a half century ago.

 

       Back in my parent’s day, there was a rehearsal and then, after the rehearsal, often a very simple get‑together of the families and folks in the wedding party. This rehearsal dinner was primarily just hospitality, a courtesy to the folks who had driven to the wedding because they were bridesmaid or groomsmen or something. The next day was the wedding, generally followed by a reception in the fellowship hall of the church where there was cake and punch.

 

       I have to admit that I've taken to urging couples not to let the tail wag the dog. I become concerned if I sense that the party becomes more important than the vows, the festivities more important than the meaning, and the purpose of why they are together.  

 

       But, as I think about the way weddings have gotten more and more extravagant, and when I become a little concerned that the priorities are getting out of whack, I have to remember that in Jesus’ time in the little villages of Galilee their weddings make our biggest weddings look like nothing. Their wedding festivities lasted days and days, maybe even a week at times.

 

       Often weddings were about all they had to celebrate. 1st Century Jews lived a very meager existence in there little villages. In Cana, the one that was the site of the story we are about to read, maybe a hundred people—a hundred and fifty at the most—lived in this village in Jesus' lifetime. Life was hard and there weren't several weddings a year like there are around this place. Maybe there was a wedding some years, but not every year. A wedding was a time when people could celebrate that their village had a future and often it wasn't altogether clear whether the village had a future or not. When there was a wedding they could celebrate the potential for tomorrow. It was much more than the celebration of this man and this woman, it was the celebration of the whole community's hope and the promise that was embodied in this wedding that there would be a tomorrow.

 

       So it’s a very big deal if something goes wrong at the wedding.  Like the wine running out.  Wine and hope go together. 

 


       John 2:1-11

 

On the third day there was a marriage at Cana in Galilee, and the mother of Jesus was there; Jesus also was invited to the marriage, with his disciples.


When the wine failed, the mother of Jesus said to him, "They have no wine."


And Jesus said to her, "O woman, what have you to do with me? My hour has not yet come."


His mother said to the servants, "Do whatever he tells you."


Now six stone jars were standing there, for the Jewish rites of purification, each holding twenty or thirty gallons.


[Jesus said to them, "Fill the jars with water." And they filled them up to the brim.


He said to them, "Now draw some out, and take it to the steward of the feast." So they took it.


When the steward of the feast tasted the water now become wine, and did not know where it came from (though the servants who had drawn the water knew), the steward of the feast called the bridegroom and said to him, "Every man serves the good wine first; and when men have drunk freely, then the poor wine; but you have kept the good wine until now."  This, the first of his signs, Jesus did at Cana in Galilee, and manifested his glory; and his disciples believed in him.

 


       This scripture passage has never been very popular with the temperance movement.  Some have tried to argue that Jesus did not really turn the water into wine, he turned it into unfermented grape juice—sort of a high grade Welch’s.  But it’s obvious that when the steward says to the bridegroom, “You have kept the good wine until now,” he wasn’t talking about grape juice.  This is a story about Jesus turning water into wine.  The question is why?

 

       Actually that is one of many questions about this story.  Why was Jesus’ mother worried about the lack of wine in the first place?  Why did she go to Jesus with the problem?  And why did Jesus respond to her so negatively:  “Woman, what concern is that to you and to me?  My hour has not yet come?”  What a way for Jesus to address his mother!  And why does Jesus dismiss his mother’s concern, then turn around and make more wine than the guests would ever need? 

 

       The lack of answers to these questions has led to some bizarre interpretations.  I read one interpretation that said the wedding guest ran out of wine because Jesus and his disciples were drinking too much.  So Mary tried to get Jesus to go home by telling him, “The wine has run out.  Go home.”  But Jesus says, “My hour has not yet come,” which means,”…I’m not through partying!”

 

       The story can be very difficult if you stick only to the most literal interpretations.  Why did Jesus perform this miracle?  Healing miracles?  Sure.  Feeding miracles?  Absolutely.  But getting them soused? 

 

       Like many stories in John’s gospel, this story is greater than just facts alone.  This story is not just about the facts of wine.   It’s more a metaphor for life.

 

       Let’s start from the beginning.   Verse 3:  “When the wine gave out, the mother of Jesus said to him, ‘They have no wine.’”  Why is this issue brought up here in the Bible?  Is God really concerned about whether people have enough alcohol in their diet?  I don’t think so.  Running out of wine is a symbol for a spiritual condition.  People are thirsting for something they have not yet found.

 

       I remember a story about Mother Theresa visiting the United States .  After working for years in the squalor and poverty of Calcutta , India , she was asked what she thought of the prosperity here in America .  She said, “I have never seen so many starving people.”  She wasn’t talking literally.   She was talking about a spiritual condition.

 

       Likewise, I doubt that this scripture passage is about having enough booze at a party.  It’s about having a life worth living.  The usual ways to pursue such a life: make money, gain status, travel, fill your life with possessions and adventure, find a soul mate—these are no longer working.  They no longer make us feel worthwhile and fulfilled.  They may never have worked.  Regardless, the wine is running out.

 

       Every supermarket tries to appeal to shoppers who are looking for new wine.  Just yesterday, picking up ice cream I saw a magazine at the checkout counter.  The headline asks, "Is Your Marriage Flavorless?"  "Does your marriage seem like all work--cleaning the house, taking care of the kids, fixing the leaking roof, having the car repaired?" Sure it does, sometimes. The wine runs out, even in the very best of marriages.

 

       Or that job that once seemed so exciting, now it feels as if the wine is running out.  All my Pfizer friends tell me that the whole company is on pins and needles waiting for the January 22nd announcements about for whom the wine has run out.

 

       My best friend, Jeff, called me very frightened on Friday.  There is something wrong with his kidneys, and the doctors are quickly bringing him in for more tests.  Jeff is scared.  What happened to that deal we all had with God for long, long life?  Sometimes it feels like the wine is running out.

 

       No.  If you think that the story is just about wine, I would suggest that you are missing the point.

 

       But now we come to the next verse—verse 4.  Jesus says to his mother, “Woman, what concern is that to you and me?  My hour has not yet come.”  What does Jesus mean:   “My hour has not yet come?”

 

       That expression is used several more times in the gospel of John.  In chapter 7 Jesus gets into a controversy with the religious leaders of Jerusalem , and verse 30 says, “Then they tried to arrest him, but no one laid hands on him, because his hour had not yet come.”  What does that mean; “His hour had not yet come?”  It must have something to do with getting arrested.

 

       In John 12:23 Jesus uses the same expression again.  Jesus and his disciples have just arrived in Jerusalem and he says to them, “The hour has come for the Son of Man to be glorified.”  That sounds good.  But in the very next sentence Jesus says, “Very truly, I tell you, unless a grain of wheat falls into the earth and dies, it remains just a single grain; but if it dies it bears much fruit.”  Now suddenly the hour of Jesus’ glorification is associated with death.  That is confirmed in the next chapter when Jesus sits at the last supper with his disciples.  At the very beginning of that meal John tells us, “Jesus knew that his hour had come to depart from this world and go to the Father.”  No we are getting the picture.  The “hour” for which Jesus has been waiting is the hour of his death, the hour that will also mark the beginning of a new life with God for all of us.

 

       So what does Jesus mean when he says to his mother, “Don’t worry about the wine, my hour has not yet come?”  He means that our real need cannot be met by more wine.  Your real need cannot be met my more money, more possessions, more travel, more parties, more relationships, more recognition.  It can only be met when Jesus’ hour comes, when Jesus’ body is broken for us and his blood is shed for us on a cross.  

 

       If that is the case, however, then why does Jesus turn around and produce more wine for the party?  Not just a little wine, either.  A detail in verse 6 states, “Now standing there were six stone water jars. . . each holding  twenty or thirty gallons.  And Jesus said to them, ‘Fill the jars with water.’”  That is the water Jesus turned into wine:  120-180 gallons worth of high quality stuff according to the steward.  It looks like this party has just gotten started!  But if wine will not ultimately satisfy us, why does Jesus make so much of it? 

 

       Because wine in this story is a symbol.  This story is not about alcohol consumption.  It is about Jesus meeting our needs, and meeting them abundantly.

 

       This story will be replayed over and over in John’s gospel.  In chapter 6 a crowd will come to Jesus looking for a limitless supply of bread.  Jesus will give them more bread than they ever imagined.  He will turn five loaves into enough bread to feed 5000 people, just like water into wine.  But he will do it as a sign; a sign that he himself is the true bread of life. 

 

       In chapter 9 a blind man will have his sight restored.  Jesus will give it to him, just as he gave the wine at the wedding feast.  But he will do it as a sign: a sign that he himself is the light of the world. 

 

       Jesus produces wine here in this story, not because wine is what we need most but because HE is what we need most.  The wine is meant to be a sign pointing us to him.  Jesus takes what we bring to him and transforms it into something wonderful.  

 

       Friends, in the end, Jesus wants to transform the wine that has run out, the bread that no longer feeds, the sight that is occluded, Jesus wants to transform all this into something abundant and wonderful.  But first, says Jesus, we have to recognize that what we have is running out, and we have to take what we have and bring it to him.

 

       Our work with Habitat…Habitat’s founder, Millard Fuller

 

       By 1964, before he reached the age of thirty, Millard had made his first million. When his secretary asked him, "What is your next goal?" he replied, "Why, ten million! Why not?"

 

       Shortly thereafter, everything began coming apart. Millard was so tense that he had trouble breathing properly, sometimes gasping for breath. Also a big sore on his ankle would not heal and was diagnosed as caused by nervousness. He could no longer ignore his physical problems. Then, in Nov.1965, Linda,his wife, left him and went to New York to think about the future of their marriage.

 

       Millard was devastated. The first hint of his transformation came during the desperation he felt at this time. As he thought about his situation, Millard imagined himself appearing before God at the last Judgment. When God asked what he had done, he could only squeak out, "Lord, I sold a hell of a lot of cookbooks." He had to admit, "In the presence of God that sounded so ridiculous, I could only cringe."

 

       In spite of this first insight, he resisted examining his life but tried to escape his thoughts, by flipping on the TV. He was presented by a new challenge from God as an old Chinese village leader appeared on the screen saying, "A planned life can only be endured." Those words penetrated his very being for he realized he planned only to get richer and richer and would therefore have to endure the consequences of this choice--health and emotional problems that were already bringing him pain.

 

       This time he did not resist the touch of God. He called his wife and went to meet her in New York . They talked and prayed for hours, confessing to one another the ways they had betrayed their relationship. They felt God calling them together to a new life and they surrendered wholeheartedly to that call. In preparation for their new life, Millard sold his interest in the business and gave away the proceeds. He realized that accumulating wealth had lost its fascination for him. The challenge had been met and no longer called forth his best efforts. He looked for a new challenge, a more ambitious goal.

 

       That challenge became Habitat for Humanity.  When the wine ran out, Millard trusted in Jesus.  Jesus filled the jars that Millard and his wife had, and the wine was more abundant than ever.

 

       That is what happens when the wine runs out of our own making, as it will, as it must. 

 

       But that’s where the good news of Jesus’ hour, our salvation, starts.

 

       Will you pray with me now?

 


St. Andrew Presbyterian Church, Groton , CT

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